Taxpayer-Funded Americorps Program Should Not Promote Religion, Watchdog Group Says Americans United Urges Appellate Panel To Bar Religious Instruction By Program Participants

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE NOVEMBER 22, 2004 1:40 PM CONTACT: Americans United for the Separation of Church and State Telephone (202) 466-3234; Facsimile (202) 466-2587 E-mail: americansunited@au.org   Taxpayer-Funded Americorps Program Should Not Promote Religion, Watchdog Group Says Americans United Urges Appellate Panel To Bar Religious Instruction By Program Participants   WASHINGTON -- November 22 -- Teachers taking part in the taxpayer-funded AmeriCorps program should not be permitted to engage in religious instruction at sectarian schools, Americans United for Separation of Church and State has advised a federal appeals court. The AmeriCorps program, run by the Corporation for National and Community Service, provides stipends called “national service education awards” to individuals for work at certain locations around the country. Some of these positions are at religious schools, and some of the award recipients teach religion and lead religious activities as part of their work at these schools. A U.S. District Court ruled July 2 that the arrangement is unconstitutional. The federal government has appealed. “This program provides teachers to parochial schools at taxpayer expense,” said the Rev. Barry W. Lynn, executive director of Americans United. “It is patently unconstitutional.” In a friend-of-the-court brief filed today, Americans United asked the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit to rule against religion subsidies in the program. “Here, religious institutions actually use AmeriCorps participants and grant funds for religious instruction and activities,” reads the brief. “The government has failed to create an effective system for monitoring how the aid is used. The aid consists of religious instructors who have received religious training from faith-based institutions. And the instructors perform core teaching functions at parochial schools.” Joining Americans United in the brief are the American Jewish Committee, the Anti-Defamation League, and People For the American Way Foundation. The case is Corporation for National and Community Service v. American Jewish Congress. ### Political Opportunism? (in this case, Mutual) GOP House Majority Leader Tom DeLay charged yesterday that his Democratic counterpart, Nancy Pelosi, engaged in her own crooked fund-raising practices that actually broke the law. Reports the San Francisco Chronicle: "DeLay was referring to a Federal Election Commission decision in 2003 in which one of Pelosi's fundraising committees was fined $21,000 for making illegal political contributions during the 2002 congressional elections. "The FEC ruled that two Pelosi political action committees created to help Democrats in the 2002 elections were related instead of being independent and therefore violated a rule against giving more than the maximum $5,000 annual contribution." Pelosi and other Democrats have urged the top Republican to step down from his leadership post after the House Ethics Committee admonished him last week for allegedly giving donors special access by hosting a June 2002 fund-raising golf outing for energy lobbyists. The committee also rebuked DeLay for using the Federal Aviation Administration to try to track a plane that Democratic state legislators in Texas flew out of state to stall a vote during last year's redistricting battle. .A.R.E.'s "Principle 3" says, "We identify those with an obligation toward poor and marginalized people, and support and encourage their efforts to fulfil their responsibilities," naming corporate investors terrorists may want to keep away. Australia's C.A.R.E. partners bring to Iraq ideologies the violent elements appear to be resisting: Data Solutions- technological access to the outside world; on line and off site gambling- Tattersalls; Qantas- carrier for outside tourism; Australia Post, Rupert Murdoch's News Limited- images from the outside world including Page Three Girls; Goldman Sach JB Ware, Ernst and Young - taking money outside the country, bringing outside money and foreign interest into Iraq. Potential council members are advised former economies receiving Australian C.A.R.E. aid have become consumers of Australian exports, "Australian businesses rely on each year for employment, import and export opportunities, income and profits" "gaining access to prominent business leaders and the elite corporate community." C.A.R.E. is one of 160 members of Washington DC based American Council For Voluntary International Action, receiving advocacy and other direction. interaction.org self-formed in 1984, self-described as "the nation's leading advocate for international relief, refugee and development programs talks to Congress, the Administration and the public to build understanding and support for programs that save lives and help poor people help themselves." InterAction posts it unifies members who, collectively, receive annual contributions from private donors, of more than $3 billion. Members pay annual dues based on a small percentage (.15%) of their internationally related expenses. Funds from dues ranging from $1,000 and to $30,000 are used to "influence policy and debate on issues" affecting millions worldwide. InterAction requires its members to ascribe to a - Private Voluntary Organization Standard "asking accountability in the critical areas of financial management, fundraising, governance, and program performance" because it does not "bear lightly the responsibility of the trust the America people place in us." InterAction posts on its website members must "have tax-exempt status under section 501 (a) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code and have received such status at least two years prior to submitting their membership application." C.A.R.E. is a 501(c )(3) (www.guidestar.org) requiring individual CARE Members register as a non-profit charitable organization regulated by laws and statutes of its own country. InterAction's Iraqi working group, co-chaired by Sandra Mitchell and Rick Augsburger, was set up in September 2002, engaging as "issues emerge, in relevant advocacy and policy interventions." Months before Ms. Hassan's abduction, interAction posted a "plain language handbook on Counter-Terrorism Measures: what US non profits and grantmakers need to know" discussing the Patriot Act, IRS rules and Treasury Department voluntary guidelines to their site along with postings from the International Rescue Committee's "Lack of Preparedness for Humanitarian Crisis in Iraq Will Risk Innocent Lives." The handbook focused on money management in these days and times of fearing funding terrorist organizations. InterAction offers, as does C.A.R.E., to help "open doors and provides access to top-level government officials and policymakers." InterAction says it is not a political organization but "we do sometimes take positions on things like the US international affairs budget, protecting refugees and other issues that affect our members and their efforts," working "to coordinate the efforts of member organizations to influence policy and budget priorities in order to maximize effectiveness of advocacy and outreach to the Congress and the administration on humanitarian and development issues" and "work to educate elected officials and others about how little of the federal budget goes to international assistance programs and why Americans should support such efforts." Monday Pay-to-play politics On Tuesday, the San Jose City Council will be asked to reform laws that govern how elected officials and candidates raise and spend money. One key recommendation will deal with the money elected officials raise for general expenses such as attending community events, advertising in neighborhood newsletters and taking constituents out for a meal. The proposal would forbid officials from forming political action committees to get around city rules for fundraising. Michael Scheuer, author of Imperial Hubris: Why the West is Losing the War on Terror, is leaving the agency - forced out by an administration that confuses fealty to the imperial presidency with loyalty to the country - signals the systematic dismantling of the country’s last and best defense against a burgeoning threat to our national security. Last Tuesday, Scheuer, a 22-year veteran of the CIA - and, up until 1999 in charge of the task force assigned to track Osama bin Laden The views expressed in Imperial Hubris - that we aren’t hated for our vaunted "freedom" to show Viagra ads on television, but because of a foreign policy that is idiotic, Israeli-centric, and irredeemably evil to many millions of Muslims throughout the world - are shared by a significant number of intelligence professionals at the CIA. Scheuer and his co-thinkers are fierce critics of the Iraq war and occupation, and in the run-up to the invasion they "leaked" a considerable body of material that debunked the lies of the War Party - and accurately predicted the ensuing disaster. Now they are being blamed, excoriated, and purged by the likes of John "Boots on the ground" McCain, who smears them as a "rogue agency" and is among the loudest calling for "reform." He is joined by the liberals’ favorite neocon, David Brooks, whose softly wonkish demeanor masks a characteristic tendency to go for the jugular: "Now that he’s been returned to office, President Bush is going to have to differentiate between his opponents and his enemies. His opponents are found in the Democratic Party. His enemies are in certain offices of the Central Intelligence Agency." EVER SINCE THE Guardian of London revealed almost two weeks ago that "Anonymous," the author of the soon-to-be-published Imperial Hubris: Why the West Is Losing the War on Terror (Brassey’s, Inc.), is a CIA figure "centrally involved in the hunt for Bin Laden," the American press has been playing catch-up — yet in a strangely coy sort of way. Public interest in the book itself isn’t at all hard to understand: it’s not every day that an active US intelligence officer publishes a work that disputes the Bush administration’s assertions, holding that, among other things, bin Laden is not on the run; the invasion of Iraq has not made the United States safer; and that Islamists are in a campaign of insurgency, not terrorism, against the US because of US policies, not out of hatred for American values. But what’s a bit harder to grasp is exactly why the media seem so reflexively deferential to the idea that "Anonymous" must be anonymous — especially when critical details revealed in a June 23 New York Times story indicated that his real identity is well-known to at least a few denizens of the Washington press corps. Indeed, the Times piece revealed that Washington Post managing editor Steve Coll knows more about Anonymous than most — enough to give him a first name and details of his career in Coll’s recently published and highly acclaimed book, Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001. While the Times identified "Mike" via Coll’s book as a 22-year CIA veteran who ran the Counterterrorist Center’s bin Laden station (code-named "Alec") from 1996 to 1999, the paper also reported that in spite of that revealing detail — and despite the fact that "Mike" is an overt CIA employee whose name is not a state secret — a "senior intelligence official" held that "Mike’s" full identity had to remain unknown because revelation of his full name "could make him a target of Al Qaeda." FOR THE MOMENT, all the general public knows about the book comes from excerpts posted on a handful of Web sites, and a slew of brief television and radio interviews, where Anonymous has appeared in silhouette. He also published another anonymous book two years ago, Through Our Enemies’ Eyes: Osama bin Laden, Radical Islam, and the Future of America, which analyzed the structure and motives of Al Qaeda. Anonymous is not squishy: both Hubris and Eyes seem sufficiently apocalyptic to warm the heart of someone as anti-Islamic and bloodthirsty as, say, Ann Coulter. So if liberals seem ecstatic that yet another career national-security official is blasting the Bush administration for unnecessarily invading Iraq and bungling the so-called war on terror, they’re also horrified by Anonymous’s apparent advocacy (largely rhetorical, actually) of a military campaign that includes "killing in large numbers" and "a Sherman-like razing of infrastructure" as part of "relentless, brutal and blood-soaked defensive military action until we have annihilated the Islamists who threaten us." But at issue here is not just the book’s content, but why Anonymous is anonymous. After all, as the Times and others have reported, his situation is nothing like that of Valerie Plame, a covert operative whose ability to work active overseas cases was undermined when someone in the White House blew her cover to journalist Robert Novak in an apparent payback for an inconvenient weapons-of-mass-destruction intelligence report by her husband, Joseph Wilson. Anonymous, on the other hand, is, by the CIA’s own admission, a Langley-bound analyst whose identity has never required secrecy. A Phoenix investigation has discovered that Anonymous does not, in fact, want to be anonymous at all — and that his anonymity is neither enforced nor voluntarily assumed out of fear for his safety, but rather compelled by an arcane set of classified regulations that are arguably being abused in an attempt to spare the CIA possible political inconvenience. In the Phoenix’s view, continued deference by the press to a bogus and unwanted standard of secrecy essentially amounts to colluding with the CIA in muzzling a civil servant — a standard made more ridiculous by the ubiquity of Anonymous’s name in both intelligence and journalistic circles. When asked to confirm or deny his identity in an interview with the Phoenix last week, Anonymous declined to do either, and said, "I’ve given my word I’m not going to tell anyone who I am, as the organization that employs me has bound me by my word." His publisher, Brassey’s, likewise declined to comment. Nearly a dozen intelligence-community sources, however, say Anonymous is Michael Scheuer — and that his forced anonymity is both unprecedented and telling in the context of CIA history and modern politics. "The requirement that someone publish anonymously is rare, almost unheard-of, particularly if the person is not in a covert position," says Jonathan Turley, a national-security-law expert at George Washington University Law School. "It seems pretty obvious that the requirement he remain anonymous is motivated solely by political concerns, and ones that have more to do with the CIA. While I’m sure some would argue that there’s some benefit to book sales in being anonymous because it’s mysterious and fuels speculation, the fact is that if his full name and history were known and on the book, it would get a lot more attention. It’s difficult for the media to cover an anonymous subject who has to abide by limits on what he can say about himself or anything that might reveal who he is." Upon reviewing Scheuer’s manuscripts, the CIA could have done what national-security agencies have done in the past with employees’ works that were based on open (i.e., unclassified or publicly available) sources, but whose wide distribution might be problematic: stamp a "secret" or "top secret" classification on it so it never sees the light of day. Yet according to intelligence-community sources, this really wasn’t an option with Scheuer’s work, given the unusual origins of Through Our Enemies’ Eyes. "That book actually started as an unclassified manual in 1999 for new counterterrorist officers working bin Laden and Sunni extremism," says one veteran CIA terrorism specialist. "Scheuer had written it at the request of his successor as Alec station chief, who specifically wanted it to be something that was drawn from open sources in the Arab and Islamic worlds for two reasons: one, so people could take it out of the building and digest it at their leisure, and two, because he wanted new officers to appreciate how much is actually out there that’s useful that isn’t classified, particularly if you have a context for it." Given his in-house manual’s open-source-based, unclassified status, Scheuer figured it wouldn’t be much of a problem to cull more public material to recast the approximately 100 pages as a marketable academic manuscript — which he did over the course of late 1999 and early 2000, submitting the book to the CIA’s Publications Review Board (PRB) in the spring of 2000. According to Scheuer, the manuscript was at first denied release because the board took issue with the book’s brief favorable discussion of Samuel Huntington’s "clash of civilizations" theory, which posits that antagonism between Western and Islamic cultures (among others) will drive world conflict in the coming years. "They wrote back saying our Arab friends would be upset, and ‘his views of Huntington’s paradigm bring into question his ability to perform official duties,’" Scheuer says. "That came back, and I thought it was beyond the pale, so I appealed directly to the seventh floor [higher-ups]. And it took the better part of a year to get permission to submit it for publication. I believe it was because of 9/11 that they suddenly became less concerned with what they first considered ‘areas of sensitivity.’ But the condition was that I remain anonymous and that there be no mention of my employer on the cover or anywhere else." Some have speculated that "Anonymous" has been publishing with at least a measure of blessing from a CIA so angered by certain White House and Pentagon elements that it has taken the unprecedented step of allowing an active intelligence officer to inveigh against the administration — and is enjoying the fact that it can unleash a critic protected by the vagaries of national-security protocols. But the fact of the matter — as interviews with other intelligence-community officials and CIA correspondence show — is that while there might be an element of truth to that now, the agency has only reluctantly approved Scheuer’s books for release because he shrewdly played by the rules. And the unique nature of CIA rules has forced him into an unhappy compromise where, even when confronted with his own name, he has to publicly deny his identity unless the agency changes its mind. (The CIA did not acknowledge a call from the Phoenix, and "declined to comment on [Imperial Hubris] or its author" to the Associated Press on Friday.) According to several long-time intelligence officers familiar with Scheuer’s situation, there’s no question that the agency’s conditional permission was grudging. "Think back to 2002, and imagine what would have happened if a book had come out that said ‘by Michael Scheuer, former chief of the CIA’s bin Laden unit’ on the cover — it would have been a bestseller overnight, reviewed and discussed all over the place," says one veteran spook. "But because it was ‘anonymous’ and didn’t even say what exactly he did, let alone what agency he worked for, it was destined to be what it’s become: a required read among people who work this stuff, but not much else. Ironically, it seems to be selling well in the agency gift shop at Langley, and everyone from the [National Security Agency] to [the Center for Strategic and International Studies] has had him over to lecture about it. But I don’t think it even got reviewed but a couple of places." One doesn’t have to read the manuscript terribly closely to see how it provides some benefit to the CIA. Critical as Anonymous is of his own organization — as well as of the Bush and Clinton administrations — he absolutely blasts the FBI on pages 185 through 192. Many progressives may not cotton to the broad notion he advances here — namely, that the US should simply dispense with any sort of legalistic, law-enforcement approach to combating Al Qaeda and leave it entirely to the covert operators. But in the context of Washington’s political postmortems on 9/11-related intelligence failures, this is stuff that at least makes the FBI look worse than the CIA. Among some in the intelligence community who have either obtained copies of the Imperial Hubris manuscript or heard about certain passages, the rough consensus is that a not-long-for-his-job George Tenet indicated to the PRB that the book’s publication should be allowed, as it might blunt or contextualize some of the scathing criticism likely to assail the agency in forthcoming 9/11 Commission and Senate Select Intelligence Committee reports — and also might aid the cause of intelligence reform. According to several intelligence-community sources, the manuscript was in limbo at least three months past the Review Board’s 30-day deadline earlier this year. Says one CIA veteran: "I think it’s possible that it got the approval around the time Tenet decided for himself that he was leaving." WHATEVER THE PRB’s rationale, Scheuer — who in interviews with the Phoenix never explicitly said he works for the CIA, only an "intelligence agency" — says he’s agreed to the conditions because, regardless of any issues he may have with the agency, he truly enjoys what he does and has no desire to quit government service. "I could make more money if I left — I have contractors leave cards in my office and take me to lunch, and I have a marketable set of skills, and it would be better for the books if I could actually say who I was. But I really like working where I work and doing what I do. We do marvelous things and stupid things here, but this place is essential to the security of America, and I think we have been at the lead of making the country safer. I’m not disgruntled. If I was, I would have left already. I just want this information and perspective out there." What he does not like, however, is the notion advanced by the agency that he’s agreed to be "Anonymous" based on safety concerns. According to Scheuer and his editor at Brassey’s, Christina Davidson, when Nightline wanted to interview Scheuer in 2003, the agency told the program that his anonymity was not compelled but his own choice — an assertion the agency also made in a 2002 note to Brassey’s. Davidson was so infuriated that she demanded the CIA state its actual position in writing, which it finally did in a May 25, 2004, fax signed by Paul-Noel Christian, chair of the agency’s PRB. The fax, obtained by the Phoenix, reads in part: "This letter is to confirm that it is the Agency, and not the author that insists that approval for the manuscript is predicated upon the author maintaining his anonymity and also that his association with the Agency is not disclosed." In the wake of the June 23 New York Times story, Davidson sent a terse note to CIA spokesman Bill Harlow that has yet to receive a response. "To say that our author must be kept in the shadows because he has expressed fears about al Qaeda retaliation is patently false and impugns his courage," she wrote, adding the "respectful request that you cease and desist from spreading this falsehood and inform all members of your staff to do the same." In an interview after the Times story came out last week, Scheuer sounded none too pleased. "I suppose there might be a knucklehead out there somewhere who might take offense and do something, but anonymity isn’t something I asked for, and not for that reason; it makes me sound like I’m hiding behind something, and I personally dislike thinking that anyone thinks I’m a coward. When I did the first book, I said it would be a more effective book if I used my name. And they said no." Jason Vest is a contributing writer for the Boston Phoenix. Additional support for this article was provided by the Fund for Constitutional Government. Issue date is July 2 - 8, 2004 CIA Critic of U.S. War on Terror Resigns Thu Nov 11, 2004 05:59 PM ET By Tabassum Zakaria WASHINGTON (Reuters) - A CIA analyst who wrote a book that criticized the U.S. war on terror has resigned from the spy agency after it effectively banned him from publicly discussing his views, his publicist said on Thursday. Michael Scheuer, whose book "Imperial Hubris: Why the West Is Losing the War on Terror" was signed as "anonymous" and published this summer, will resign effective Friday after 22 years at the Central Intelligence Agency. In a statement, Scheuer said the CIA had not forced him to resign, "but I have concluded that there has not been adequate national debate over the nature of the threat posed by Osama bin Laden and the forces he leads and inspires, and the nature and dimensions of intelligence reform needed to address that threat." He intends to speak to the media over the next several weeks, including an appearance on the CBS show "60 Minutes" on Sunday. Scheuer's statement said senior leadership had allowed the intelligence officers working against al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden to be made scapegoats for pre-Sept. 11 failures. Scheuer was chief of the CIA Counterterrorist Center's unit which focused on bin Laden from 1996 to 1999 and remained a CIA analyst after that. "The Atlantic Monthly" in its December issue published a letter sent by Scheuer to U.S. congressional intelligence committees that said the key pre-Sept. 11 intelligence failures were mainly the result of bad decisions by senior officials. "While the 11 September attacks probably were unstoppable, it was decisions by human beings -- featuring arrogance, bad judgment, disdain for expertise, and bureaucratic cowardice -- that made sure the Intelligence Community did not operate optimally to defend America," Scheuer said in the letter. In June, just before Scheuer's book was published, he did a series of media interviews, appearing on TV in silhouette and was identified in print as "Mike." In the first week of August, CIA officials told him that he had to ask for permission in advance for media interviews and provide summaries of what would be discussed ahead of time, Scheuer's editor and publicist Christina Davidson said. "They rejected every single request," she said. "It was effectively a ban." His book said the United States was losing the war against terrorism and that sticking to current policies would only make its enemies in the Islamic world grow stronger. The statement released by his publicist about Scheuer's resignation said that "after a cordial meeting with senior CIA officials on Tuesday, Scheuer decided that it would be in the best interests of the intelligence community and the country for him to resign in order to continue speaking publicly with regard to Osama Bin Laden, al Qaeda, and the 9-11 Commission Report." A CIA spokeswoman had no immediate comment. Copyright Reuters 2004 Tallahassee surprise A Times Editorial, Published November 18, 2004 The news from Florida's Legislature Tuesday told of presiding officers who like each other and respect the minority party, new rules to limit political fundraising, an appropriate wariness toward lobbyists and a declaration of independence from the executive branch. If this is only a dream, please: Don't pinch us. Representative government is supposed to work that way, of course, but after the nightmare of the past few years, it appears too good to be true. The credit belongs where the blame lay: on the powers of the presiding officers. The past Senate president, Jim King, used his wisely, continuing the Senate's tradition of bipartisanship, but megalomania ruled the House and rendered the entire process so dysfunctional that the two chambers couldn't agree even on the traditional session-ending ceremony last spring. The new officers, Senate President Tom Lee of Brandon and House Speaker Allan G. Bense of Panama City, are both, by happy but rare coincidence, genuine citizen-legislators who entered politics to serve their communities rather than to make careers, and who aren't running for anything else. That is an important factor in their good personal relationship. Though they will differ on issues, neither should have a reason to suspect ulterior motives on the part of the other. The biggest surprise in Tuesday's organizational session was that Democrats, though outnumbered in Tallahassee by far wider margins than in Washington, now have leadership positions in the House as well as the Senate. Bense gave vice-chairmanships to 11 of the 36 Democrats and named another to co-chair the Agriculture Committee. He also consulted the minority on rules changes. Even their office assignments and parking places have improved. In the Senate, two Democrats chair committees and the other 12 are vice-chairs. These are not small things; they represent the respect that ought to flow naturally to every member of a representative assembly. Regardless of party, each member speaks for the same number of citizens. As Bense put it in answer to a question Tuesday, "There are two parties." Equally welcome are the new rules to restrict political fundraising, already prohibited in regular sessions, during special sessions as well, and to require lawmakers to post promptly on the Internet what their political committees receive and spend. Good as this is, it should be better. Fundraising needs to be outlawed not just during session but during the weeks that committees meet between sessions. It is a distinction without a difference in regard to the implied coercion of lobbyists. "We went about as far as we could this time," Lee said. "We're probably one step away from being able to do that right now." It is a step that still needs to be taken. So is the governor's suggestion that lobbyists should have to disclose how much they are paid and which legislators they entertain, rather than merely how much they spend overall. The same transparency the new rules require of political fundraising ought to apply to the wining and dining. Lobbyists are usually the source of the last-minute amendments of which Lee wants his senators to be wary, and it was a smart move to stop them from routinely providing free lunches at the Senate majority office. If it's asking too much of legislators that they pay for all their own meals, let them at least disclose who's buying and who's taking. That said, the 82nd Legislature since statehood deserves credit for an uncommonly good beginning. © Copyright 2003 St. Petersburg Times. All rights reserved

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